Sports A Field

Jack O’Connor: An Outdoor Legend

This new DVD is a must-have for anyone who is a fan of Jack O’Connor, and those who don’t know much about O’Connor will find it fascinating as well. The film is an in-depth look at O’Connor’s life, from his childhood in Arizona through his later years when he became a globetrotting hunter and the most famous gunwriter in America.

Never-before-seen footage of O’Connor’s hunts, shot by himself and his hunting partners with a 16mm movie camera and provided to the filmmakers by the O’Connor family, provides a fascinating glimpse of O’Connor and his family and friends in the field. Most interesting is the footage of his many wilderness pack trips into the Yukon, British Columbia, and Alberta in search of wild sheep, grizzly, mountain goat, and black bear. Because these trips occurred before the advent of bush planes, they were many-week affairs that required long horseback rides into rugged mountains and pristine wilderness, and the glimpses of O’Connor and his guides packing mules, hauling out game, and relaxing near their canvas tents are windows into another time. There’s also footage of O’Connor’s many African safaris, his shikars to India and Iran, and his hunts for antelope and deer in Wyoming and Idaho.

The filmmakers have framed this historic footage with the story of O’Connor’s life, using an extensive collection of black-and-white and color photos to give the viewer an in-depth look at the O’Connor family through the years. O’Connor scholar Buck Buckner and biographer Robert Anderson provide commentary and insight into the writer’s life and tell the stories of his various hunts and the effects his growing fame through the years.

This film is an insightful record not just of the life of a remarkable man, but also of a time that could be called the golden age of big-game hunting, when men like O’Connor were exploring new hunting lands and opening the eyes of outdoor magazine readers to the wonders of the wider hunting world.

Produced as a joint venture of Safari Press and Safari Classics Productions, this one-of-a-kind video belongs in every serious hunter’s collection. Running time: 2 hours. $29.95 from Safari Press: 800/451-4788; safaripress.com.

Click here to buy this DVD from Safari Press.

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Rifle Review: Weatherby Vanguard Camilla

Weatherby’s new rifle for women is accurate, elegant, and fun to shoot.

It’s not surprising to me that many of the women I know shoot Weatherby rifles. Their excellent quality and accuracy aside, Weatherby rifles are often built with Monte-Carlo-style stocks, which tend to fit women better than the more traditional straight stocks on many American rifles. Because women tend to have proportionally longer necks than men, female shooters tend to prefer a higher comb, especially on scoped rifles, since it allows for faster target acquisition.

Perhaps it was only natural, then, that Weatherby would decide to take the next step and build a rifle specifically to serve the rapidly increasing numbers of female hunters and shooters in the field today. The new Vanguard Camilla Rifle—“designed by women, built by Weatherby”—incorporates a high comb, along with a number of other features that make this rifle amazingly comfortable to shoot. The buttstock is angled away from the body, which is a better fit for the female anatomy and nestles easily into the shoulder. The slim pistol grip has a shorter grip-to-trigger reach, ideal for slightly smaller hands, and the 13-inch length of pull (LOP) and slender fore-end reduce overall weight and length without compromising feel and balance. I found that the combination makes this a super-fast-handling rifle that is also easy to carry.

Weatherby’s new Vanguard Camilla rifle.

At 5’7”, I can easily handle a rifle with a standard LOP, so the Camilla feels slightly on the short side for me. However, it came quickly and easily to my cheek and I had no trouble mounting and shooting it accurately from standing, kneeling, and sitting positions. That’s partly because the high comb and reverse-angled buttstock fit my anatomy so well. I asked a more petite friend to shoot the rifle, and she also commented favorably on the fit, so it seems Weatherby has hit a sweet spot with the stock design that will work for a wide range of body types.

With its 20-inch barrel, the Camilla weighs 6.25 pounds without scope. Like other rifles in Weatherby’s Vanguard line, it has a match-quality, two-stage trigger, a three-position safety, hinged floor plate, and comes with a sub-MOA accuracy guarantee when premium ammo is used. Available calibers include .223 Remington, .243 Winchester, 7mm-08 Winchester, and .308 Winchester. MSRP is listed at $849.

Practicalities aside, this is a lovely rifle. The satin-finish Turkish A-grade walnut with fleur-de-lis checkering and rosewood fore-end and grip caps is simply elegant. The barrel and action have a matte, bead-blasted, blued finish. I mounted a Burris Veracity 2-10×42 scope on my test model, a .308. I sighted in the rifle with Winchester 150-grain Power Point loads and shot consistent 1-inch groups at 100 yards; the groups shrank to just under an inch when I switched to Hornady’s 150-grain BTSP.

Camilla, in case you’re wondering, was company founder Roy Weatherby’s wife, and the new rifle’s name is an appropriate nod to the origins of the company, which is still family-owned and run. Along with the rifle, Weatherby has launched an initiative called Women of Weatherby, which provides web-based resources and a community platform for female hunters to gather and share their experiences.

Kudos to Weatherby for recognizing and filling a crucial niche in the fast-growing world of women hunters with a thoughtfully designed rifle that is accurate, elegant, and fun to shoot.

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Saving the Selous

The elephants of the Selous need help, and hunting is critical to their survival.

When Benson Kibonde left his position as chief warden of the Selous Game Reserve in Tanzania in 2008 he thought the days of rampant ivory poaching in Tanzania were long past.

A 1976 survey showed that there were 110,000 elephants in the Selous, but by the mid-1980s that number had been cut in half, and if poaching continued at that rate elephants likely would be completely wiped out in the reserve by the early 1990s. But in 1987, the Frankfurt Zoological Society stepped in and provided the funding necessary to wage a full-on war on the gangs of poachers operating in the Selous. The condition of that funding, though, was that a retention program be put in place so that half of the funds generated by the reserve (85 percent of which came from hunting) would be returned to the park to aid in anti-poaching efforts through the purchase of new equipment and by providing salaries for rangers. This agreement became Tanzania’s first community-based conservation program, and it turned the tide on poaching. The 1989 survey showed that there were approximately 30,000 elephants in the reserve. By 2006 that number had more than doubled to 70,000.

Kibonde was integral in these restoration efforts, and by the time he retired as chief warden in 2008 after having served in that position since 1994, he felt certain that the future of elephants in the Selous was vouchsafed. He transferred to a training facility in northern Tanzania where he instructed young game scouts, but in 2012 he was called back to the Selous by the Tanzanian government. What he found was appalling.

Infrastructure in the reserve had almost completely collapsed during his four-year absence and the scout vehicles, many of which were aged when Kibonde left the park, were in a state of disrepair. The 250 scouts who were asked to cover 21,000 acres of land hadn’t been paid in months (the funds generated by the retention fund, as established in 1987, had been put on hold). Each scout was working just ten days a month, so the doors of the Selous lay wide open to poachers.

Kibonde was shocked. Morale was low, local poachers were bragging about their exploits and getting rich, and the Selous elephant population was once again being depleted. Kibonde knew he had to act quickly.
“After assessing the situation, I raised an alarm with the conservation partners, particularly the hunting companies,” Kibonde said in an article in Hunter’s Path in 2015. “I requested them to come to our assistance by waging an all-out war against poaching.”

With the help of hunting companies operating in the reserve, Kibonde almost single-handedly began righting the ship in the Selous. He recruited scouts from the Pasanisi Training College and, through donations and government assistance, ensured that they were getting paid. His teams began by refurbishing the out-of-commission vehicles and started opening roads back into the reserve that would allow scouts to engage poachers. The number of scouts climbed from 250 to 680, and they began working twenty days a month instead of ten, which meant that the number of patrol days in the park rose from 30,000 in 2008 to more than 163,000 in 2014. The patrol units are now based in permanent camps in the reserve, and in areas where there are large numbers of elephants the camps are positioned at close intervals that allow anti-poaching teams to respond quickly to any illegal hunting in the park. The number of vehicles was raised from twenty to forty, and by the end of 2016 Kibonde hopes that he will have sixty vehicles in place. Since his return, he and his team have refurbished six road graders and nine heavy trucks to ease scout movement in the park.

The German Development Bank is scheduled to provide additional funding, and until it does the Selous Elephant Emergency Project (SEEP) has been established as a stopgap to help contain poaching until funding resumes. The advances Kibonde has made are not welcomed by everyone, particularly the poachers, who just a short time ago had free range in many parts of the reserve. There have been confrontations over the last several years, and some of Kibonde’s scouts have been injured, but he says the message to the poachers is clear and pointed.

“We taught the poachers a lesson that we would no longer tolerate their self-imposed immunity to the conservation laws,” says Kibonde.

Based on the late 2014 census of elephants in the park, Kibonde’s work has helped elephant populations rebound. That’s thanks in large part to the hunting community, which helped support Kibonde’s efforts on the ground in the reserve.

“The hunting companies have contributed to our efforts against poaching and are still contributing a lot,” Kibonde says. “Some have provided vehicles, others funds for paying monthly allowances for 100 volunteers, while some have supported us by making their vehicles available for transporting scouts to patrol areas. I thank all those who have participated in this painstaking struggle.”

Kibonde is a major proponent of sport hunting for elephants and says that hunting and the funds it generates are critical to the survival of the elephants of the Selous.

“It is imperative that tourist hunting continues in the Selous for two main reasons. The first reason is that hunting companies and hunters have helped to control the poaching situation in the reserve through direct involvement. Secondly, 85 percent of the Selous retention scheme funds come from hunting. If any amount of the hunting revenue is compromised, the registered success in anti-poaching efforts could be seriously jeopardized.”

In 2014 the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service banned importation of sport-hunted ivory from Tanzania, a ban that, Kibonde says, is a major blow to elephant conservation in the reserve.
“This move is a disaster for the Selous, as most of its income is directly or indirectly dependent on elephant hunting,” says Kibonde. “If our remaining 15,000 elephants are wiped out in the very near future, this ban would be a major reason.”

The future of elephants in the Selous and across Tanzania depends upon how closely international governments heed Kibonde’s words. To stem the tide of poaching, he says, he needs hunting and the funds it generates. In 2013, Kibonde officially retired, but he has remained in the Selous working to ensure that the borders of the park are safeguarded against poachers who would wipe out elephants for immediate financial gain.

To learn more about SEEP, visit cic-wildlife.org.

African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) by GaryKramer.net, 530-934-3873, [email protected]

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.270 vs. .30-06

Comparing two tried-and-true big-game cartridges.

The two most popular big-game cartridges among American hunters remain the .270 and .30-06. Neither are exactly new; the .270 was introduced clear back in 1925, while the .30-06 passed its centennial seven years ago (wow!). Both cartridges have seen their ups and downs. Their popularity, at least in new rifle sales, slipped a bit during the first magnum craze of the late 1950s and 1960s…and slipped again around the turn of the millennium with the introduction of an amazing array of new unbelted magnums.

The 7mm Remington Magnum and .300 Winchester Magnum, both introduced in the early Sixties, have made their bones and probably still stand as the world’s most popular magnum cartridges. Some of the new magnums have gathered significant followings, while others introduced barely a decade ago have nearly died away. But from what I see in correspondence and talking to hunters at conventions—and what I actually see in hunting camps—it appears to me that those two old warhorses, the .270 and .30-06, have won through and remain top choices among American hunters.

Well they should. Both are wonderfully versatile cartridges that do their work with little fuss. Thanks to their long popularity the load selection is vast, and most factory rifles are so chambered. Both cartridges are superb for the big game most Americans hunt—deer—and both are adequately powerful for elk, black bear, and even moose. Neither is perfect for everything. Hunters in search of our biggest bears are better served with more powerful tools, and for serious long-range work in big country something that carries more energy farther downrange might be appropriate. For big bears, I prefer a fast .33-caliber with a heavy bullet; for larger sheep and goats in big mountains I usually select a fast .30-caliber (my preference is the .300 Weatherby Magnum).

I used the new Kimber Mountain Ascent in .270 to take this chamois in France. The load was Hornady’s new American whitetail 130-grain load and the distance was 400 yards. Jack O’Connor was right about the .270’s virtues as a mountain rifle.

However, I use both the .270 and .30-06 quite a bit, and during the fall hunting seasons just past I used both cartridges. It was a busy season; game taken with these two cartridges included both whitetail and mule deer, caribou, and elk here in North America; and a chamois in Europe. Unless one has very specialized needs either cartridge will do pretty much anything an American hunter needs to do…as they have, collectively, for darn near 200 years. But, just supposing you’re in the market for a versatile hunting rifle, which of the two cartridges should you select?

If, like the majority of American hunters, you’re primarily a deer hunter, I don’t think it makes much difference. Both are adequately powerful enough for any deer that walks! The .270 produces less recoil and definitely has a flatter trajectory, so purely as a deer cartridge I’d lean toward the .270. Because of its better ranging abilities it’s a better pronghorn cartridge, and its long-time champion, Jack O’Connor, swore by it for the mountain sheep he loved to hunt.

In October 2012 I used a Savage .30-06 to take this Columbian whitetail in Oregon. Considering a small deer in open country the .270 probably would have been a better choice, but there are few situations in North America that either cartridge can’t handle.

The older I get the more I have to concede that Professor O’Connor was dead right. The .270 is not only a great deer cartridge. It really is truly excellent for mountain game, and it’s perfectly adequate for game at least up to elk. However, although O’Connor never exactly said this in an article, he did concede privately that the .30-06 was more versatile!

With a good 150-grain bullet at around 3000 feet per second the .30-06 gives up relatively little ground to the .270 over normal game ranges. With its heavier 165 or 180-grain bullets of larger diameter the .30-06 definitely hits harder. I do tend to lean toward larger calibers, and I must admit that I was long skeptical of the .270s adequacy for elk. So skeptical that I was well into my 40s before I ever tried that cartridge on elk! Uh, I was wrong. Especially with the great bullets we have available today the .270 is just fine for elk…but I remain convinced that the .30-06 is better for elk, and certainly better for moose and bear. The .30-06 isn’t fancy or flashy, but with a 180-grain bullet it’s a real thumper.

I have used both cartridges quite a bit in Africa, and both are excellent for a wide range of plains game. That said, I do think the .30-06 is much the better African cartridge. The flatter trajectory of the .270 is rarely needed over there, but because of the tremendous variety of game—and the fact that you really don’t know what you might encounter in a given day—the awesome versatility of the .30-06 with a 180-grain bullet becomes a clear favorite. On the other hand, it does generate a fair amount more recoil, especially with the heavier bullets. Most people can learn to shoot it well, but the .270 is a good choice for beginners and shooters of smaller stature, while the .30-06 may not.

So, which one for you? Both are versatile and powerful cartridges, and both shoot plenty flat enough for most purposes. If you hunt in mountains or more open country the .270 is probably the better choice; if you mix a fair amount of larger game with your deer, or you’re thinking of African plains game down the road, then the .30-06 might be better for you. The good news: Both cartridges are winners, and you can’t go wrong with either of them…as millions of American hunters have known for generations.

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Leading the Way

Many of today’s wildlife management professionals don’t understand hunting, but efforts are underway to change that.

I remember a wildlife biology class I took in college. The class was full of people who were interested in animals, but who didn’t seem to have ever spent much time outdoors. When I showed up for a field trip to a local forest one misty day wearing camo rain gear, I attracted some strange looks from my peers. My professor, however, caught on right away, asking me if I was a hunter. When I said yes, he had me point out buck rubs and deer trails to the other students, most of whom simply stared in amazement. My professor wasn’t a hunter himself, but he recognized that my background had already given me a general understanding of some of the concepts he was trying to get across.

There was a time when most biologists, foresters, land managers, and other resource professionals came from the ranks of hunters. Many of them grew up hunting, and their experiences helped develop their interest in their chosen field. But that doesn’t happen as much any more. Many intelligent and otherwise highly qualified people who know nothing about hunting are entering these fields and getting high-level jobs at state wildlife agencies, where they make decisions about many of the issues that affect wildlife and hunting.

A 2004 survey of university wildlife departments by the Wildlife Management Institute showed that fewer than half of all students graduating with wildlife and natural resource degrees have ever hunted, and most don’t even know a hunter or understand why people hunt. Of equal concern, many of the instructors in high-level natural resource programs at universities appear to have little or no knowledge of, or interest in, hunting. This translates into a large number of current and future leaders and decision-makers of state and federal agencies who don’t understand how hunting and conservation are intertwined.

Ten years ago, a group of resource professionals realized the problems this might cause in the future. The Wildlife Management Institute, with the support of the Max McGraw Wildlife Foundation, started holding a series of workshops for students in wildlife management programs who had no exposure to hunting. The effort grew into Conservation Leaders for Tomorrow (CLfT), a professional development program designed for both students and professionals who are already working in the wildlife management field.

To date, CLfT has conducted eighty-two workshops, providing crucial conservation education to more than 1,200 participants. The four-day workshops that CLfT provides are free, requiring only a few days of the student’s or professional’s time, but they are having a dramatic impact. They don’t aim to turn a nonhunter into a hunter–the goal is simply to provide the participants with insights as to why hunting is important from a biological, social, cultural, economic, and recreational standpoint, and how it relates to conservation. The classes include both classroom and field time, and students get some exposure to safe firearms handling, shooting, and hunting techniques.

Exit surveys from the program show that 95 percent of CLfT participants now “get” why hunting is so important to conservation, and understand its cultural and economic roles in society as well. A few of them have even become hunters themselves.

This is one of those efforts that, while it reaches a relatively small number of people, stands to make a disproportionate difference to the future of hunting in America. To learn more, visit www.clft.org.

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Safari Dreams

Planning An African Safari

Have you thought about going to Africa, but assumed that it was too expensive, too hazardous, or too difficult? Ever since I returned from my first safari, I have been asked a number of basic questions about these and other issues by fellow hunters who are considering such a trip. If you haven’t been to Africa, the answers to these queries may surprise you.

Isn’t an African safari incredibly expensive?

Depending on where you go and what you hunt, hunting journey to the Dark Continent is not nearly as expensive as you might think. I won’t pretend it’s cheap–the trophy fees, airfare, taxidermy, tips, and incidentals do add up–but an African safari is much more accessible to the average person now than it has ever been.

Most hunters choose a plains-game hunt for their first safari. These hunts typically allow a hunter to shoot a variety of antelope species–kudu, gemsbok, and impala, just to name a few–and they tend to be exciting because of the sheer variety of game available. There are usually two costs to take into consideration for such a hunt. The daily rate in many areas is quite reasonable, and it generally covers all of the expenses of a day on safari–your food, lodging, vehicle, and the services of your PH (professional hunter, or guide), tracker, and skinners.

In addition to the daily rate, every time you shoot an animal you’ll be charged a trophy fee. The trophy fees for animals I shot on my recent safari ranged from $300 for a warthog to $1,000 for a kudu. You might shoot three or four species–or a dozen or more–on a plains-game safari depending on your financial resources, your goals, and the amount of game in the area.

Many safari agents are now offering “package” hunts. These hunts incorporate the daily rate and trophy fees into one “flat” fee for the hunt–which is closer to the way we’re used to paying for guided hunts in the United States. Often, these hunts are excellent deals.

The other major costs of a safari include airfare to Africa (in my case, $2,100 round-trip from Los Angeles to Windhoek, Namibia), and the cost of packing and shipping your trophies home and the taxidermy that follows. One good thing is that if you’re taking a family member such as your spouse, your costs (other than airfare) won’t necessarily double–often, the daily rate for two people is only slightly more than for one. Many safaris are happy to accommodate a nonhunting guest for a fee.

Today it’s possible to go on an African safari and shoot half a dozen species of plains game for much less than you’d pay for a good used car. For example, Cabela’s Outdoor Adventures recently offered an African-safari package deal that included eight trophies for $4,700 (not including airfare). Many North American deer and elk hunts cost significantly more.

Isn’t Africa dangerous?

While most people no longer seriously believe they’ll be in danger of being boiled and eaten by cannibals, they do worry about political instability, terrorism, and the like. It’s one of the reasons I chose Namibia for my first hunt–it’s a safe, stable, and fairly modern country. Of course, all travel involves some risk, and every country is different, so it’s important to get up-to-date information on your destination. But the bottom line is this: Good safari operators make the safety of their clients a top priority. Clients who run into problems are unlikely to return, and that’s not good for business. You’ll probably be met by someone from your safari company as soon as you step off the plane and then whisked off to the friendly confines of your hunting area.

Good safari operators are also concerned about your health. Camps tend to be clean, and most PHs are highly trained in first aid, so if you’ve chosen your safari company wisely you should be in good hands. There is a risk of malaria in many areas, but preventative drugs will keep you safe from this disease during your hunt. Most travelers to Africa secure a prescription for an antimalarial before they leave home, and begin taking it several weeks in advance of their trip. Tell your doctor where you are planning to travel, and he or she should be able to prescribe the proper drug for you. You might also need to get a vaccination or two, although none were required for my trip to Namibia. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP) offer up-to-date traveler’s health advisories for most countries (cdc.gov/travel).

Of course, if you have a chronic health condition, you should check into the availability of medical care in the area you are going. Also, contact your health insurance provider to find out if your coverage applies when you are traveling abroad. If it doesn’t, you can purchase additional insurance to cover you during your trip.

Won’t I get bitten by a snake or charged by a lion?

Africa is home to a wide variety of venomous reptiles, including some of the most dangerous snakes in the world. However, most safaris are conducted during the African winter, when snakes are less active. That’s not to say that there won’t be any snakes around, but it’s extremely rare for hunters to even see a dangerous snake, much less get bitten by one.

Despite what you read, it’s also unlikely that you’ll be threatened by a big-game animal on your safari. Even hunters who are targeting these species rarely experience a charge–when they do, it is usually because a poor shot was made. Many of the areas the first-time safari hunter will visit on a plains-game hunt don’t even have lion or buffalo.

Is there anything left to hunt in Africa?

I am amazed at how many people seem to think all the animals in Africa are endangered. They’ve heard horror stories and they figure Africa is a dusty wasteland devoid of game. But in southern Africa today, thanks in a large part to game ranching and the recognition of the economic value of game and hunting, most game species–particularly the antelopes–are thriving. For an American hunter used to spotting an occasional deer or elk in a day of hunting, the variety and amount of game in Africa are impressive.

Isn’t it hard to get guns into Africa?

I was pleasantly surprised by the lack of hassle I experienced getting guns into both South Africa and Namibia (although I did experience some long waits at airports). Largely, this was the result of being well prepared.

All African countries have different regulations, and your safari operator and travel agent should be able to help you secure the proper forms and applications. Before you go, you will need to secure a signed and stamped U.S. Customs form 4457, which serves as proof of ownership of your firearms. Some countries will issue you a gun license, good for the duration of your stay, when you arrive at the airport. In other cases, you may have to fill out forms in advance so your PH can take care of the legalities for you. Be sure to ask your PH and travel agent specifically about what is required.

How do I find a reputable safari company?

This might be the most difficult question to answer, not because there aren’t any good safari companies, but because there are so many. Start your research by talking to people you know who have been there. Other good sources are North American-based booking agents who handle arrangements for African safaris; advertisements on the Web and in magazines such as Sports Afield; and places where outfitters exhibit, such as the annual conventions of Dallas Safari Club and Safari Club International and other large outdoor shows. Write or call a number of different companies for information, compare prices, ask detailed questions, and get a list of references.

What country should I hunt in?

Thirteen countries in Africa are open to big-game hunting, with more creating experimental hunting programs, but the most common destinations for first-time plains-game hunters are South Africa and Namibia. These countries have plenty of game and a large number of well-established safari operators who cater to plains-game hunters.

Do I need to buy a new rifle?

Probably not, if you’re going to be hunting only plains game. Do you have a deer rifle, especially something in the .30-caliber class? If so, and if you shoot it well, it may be the best choice for your safari rifle. The .30-06, in fact, is one of the most commonly used calibers on the continent. In many cases, even lighter rifles are acceptable. One hunter on my safari shot a dozen species–including some elk-size antelope–with his .270. It’s worth noting that this hunter was careful about his shot placement and loaded the rifle with premium bullets.

How will I get my trophies home?

Your safari company should be set up to handle the nuts and bolts of preserving your trophies and having them shipped to you after the safari is over. Again, this is something you should ask your PH when you set up the hunt. If you decide to have your trophies shipped to a taxidermist in the U.S.A., you’ll probably have to pay a fee to a taxidermist in Africa who will salt and preserve the heads and hides and crate them for shipping. When they arrive in this country, you’ll have to pay for the shipping and see that they get to your taxidermist for final preparation. You’ll probably want to hire a customs broker to help you through this process–for a fee, they’ll take care of all of the paperwork and hassles. The other option is to leave your trophies with a taxidermist in Africa and have the completed mounts shipped to you. Consult your safari operator for recommendations.

Where can I get more information about going to Africa?

An excellent basic book on this subject is Safari Guide II, which examines all facets of African hunting country by country. Other books on specific safari-planning topics include Safari Rifles II by Craig Boddington, which is the ultimate guide to choosing the right gun for your trip; and The Perfect Shot by Kevin Robertson, which tells you how to make well-placed shots on animals you may have never seen before. All of these books are available from Safari Press: 800/451-4788 or www.safaripress.com.

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The Lost Lions

How the most famous man-eaters in the history of Africa ended up in the city of Chicago.

The man-eaters of Tsavo, as they can be seen today on display in the Field Museum in Chicago. Photo courtesy of the Field Museum.

If you’ve read John Henry Patterson’s famous 1907 book, The Man-Eaters of Tsavo, or seen the 1996 movie starring Val Kilmer called The Ghost and the Darkness, then you’re familiar with the story of the Tsavo lions.

If you don’t know the story, here are the basics: In March 1898, the British were building a railway bridge over Kenya’s Tsavo River. The project was led by Lt. Col. John Henry Patterson. Over nine months of construction, two maneless male lions terrorized the camp, dragging workers from their tents and eating them. Patterson made repeated attempts to trap and kill the lions, but they outwitted him endlessly. Patterson finally succeeded in December of that year, killing first one and then, twenty days later, the other. No one knows exactly how many people succumbed to the lions in the meantime; there may have been as many as 135 victims.

What happened to the lions afterward, however, is not as well known. Patterson, who left Kenya some time later, had both lions made into rugs, with the skulls still inside the skins, and they spent twenty-five years on the floor of his London flat. In 1923, Patterson arrived in Chicago on a lecture tour. The then-president of the Field Museum in Chicago, who attended his talk, approached Patterson afterward and asked if he still had the skins. Patterson said yes, and a deal was struck: The museum bought both of them for the princely sum of $5,000 (the equivalent of $68,950 in 2014 dollars).

The skins had to be shipped from London, and when they arrived the taxidermist in charge of the project, Julius Friesser, must have been dismayed as they were in very poor condition. Still, he was able to remove the skulls from the skins. Then Friesser used the hides to create full-body mounts. Because of the terrible condition of the hides, he had to be creative. A large amount of the skin had been trimmed off to create the rugs, and that is probably why Friesser mounted one of the lions in a crouching position, since he didn’t have enough skin to cover the belly. The other lion appears to have been much larger in the original photograph than in its mounted form, which indicates the taxidermist also had missing or damaged skin to contend with on this animal.

Otherwise, the mounted lions appear remarkably similar to the photos shown in Patterson’s book. Both were completely maneless—they had only tiny tufts of hair where manes would have normally been.

In the 1920s, having the Tsavo lions on display was no doubt quite a coup for the museum, since nearly everyone at that time was familiar with the story of Patterson’s intrepid feat. Over the years, however, the tale of the Tsavo lions faded from the collective memory, and museum workers, who no doubt saw little value in the nearly hairless, unremarkable-looking old mounts, relegated the Tsavo lions to a far corner of the museum where they languished, forgotten, for more than fifty years.

Enter Bill Stanley, the current Director of Collections and Collection Manager of Mammals for the Field Museum. Stanley grew up in Kenya, where, he says, everyone knows the story of the Tsavo lions. No one, however, had any idea where the mounts were, or even that they still existed. When Stanley arrived at his new job at the Chicago museum in 1989, he was amazed to discover the mounts in a dusty glass case in a dark corner of the museum. He realized exactly what they were when he read the yellowed, typewritten label stuck to the case. Stanley tried to get others at the museum excited about what they had, but like their predecessors, most had never heard the story and were uninterested in the moth-eaten old mounts.

It was Stanley’s chance encounter with representatives from Paramount Pictures, who happened to be visiting the museum, that brought the Tsavo lions to the public’s attention once again. The studio representatives, looking at other lion displays, mentioned a movie they were working on. When Stanley realized the movie—The Ghost and the Darkness—was about the Tsavo lions, he showed them the old mounts, at last finding an interested party. At the end of the movie, director Stephen Hopkins included a mention that the lions were in the Field Museum.

As soon as the movie came out, museum patrons began clamoring to see the mounts. In no time, the Tsavo lions were cleaned up, placed in a diorama, and moved out of their dusty corner and into a prominent place in the museum.

Since their rediscovery, the Tsavo lions have been the subject of intensive study and DNA research. Some scientists have attempted to analyze tissue samples to determine how many humans the lions actually ate, and others have worked to develop theories regarding what may have caused the lions’ unusual predatory behavior.

“There is still a debate about why they were attacking,” said Stanley. “It’s possible that rinderpest [a cattle disease] killed all the buffalo in their area and they had to resort to a different prey. It’s also possible that because the railway line was built on an old slave trail where many people had died over the years, lions in that region had developed a taste for humans.”

The actual reasons may never be known, but the Tsavo lions and the many other preserved mammals in the Field Museum are helping scientists work toward a better understanding of wildlife and wildlife behavior. While museums don’t tend to use as much traditional taxidermy in their displays as they used to, Stanley says mounted animals, particularly older ones, are still crucial to the research process.

“I can’t even describe how valuable [having these older mounts] is for DNA research,” he said. “In reality, less than 1 percent of what is in the museum building is actually on public view. But it is all available for scientists to study, and what goes into our public displays and dioramas comes out of what we learn from those old skeletons and skins.”

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The Power of a Word

Is “trophy” now a lethal adjective for hunting?

I have always believed in the power of words. They have the capacity to inspire us, to lead us to powerful achievements and to great sacrifice. They can carry us to war or encourage us to peace. Weightless and without physical dimension, words remain agile weapons in our search for good and evil, and for truth. Words carry our thoughts. They transport our ideas. They give color, tone, and emphasis to our impressions. We should be careful when we use them and thoughtful when we hear them. We should remember that Adolph Hitler visited untold misery on the world through his rhetorical power. Nelson Mandela did the opposite: His rhetoric dispatched frontiers of gratuitous violence to the cradles of justice and reconciliation. So words really do matter.

None of us who care about hunting and the conservation of wildlife can any longer ignore the influence the word trophy now exerts on public attitudes and activism against hunting. The evidence is everywhere, from public opinion surveys to newspaper and television exposes, to the cackling of social media and the slightly more refined discussions in our halls of political power. Indeed, while many of us have tried to explain how the word is misinterpreted and how, in a real sense, we are all trophy hunters, seeking to acquire mementos or remembrances of our hunting experiences—whether photos, horns, antlers, or capes—it just doesn’t seem to matter. Nor does it seem to matter that many of the world’s most respected conservation organizations such as the World Wildlife Fund and the International Union for the Conservation of Nature support legal, sustainable hunting in many parts of the world because they see the proof of its value in conserving wildlife and supporting human livelihoods.

Sadly, no matter how we try to argue the case, the public worldwide has taken a clear and likely unchangeable position that is negative to trophy hunting. Furthermore, this has now largely become a values-based debate, not a scientific one. No matter how much hunters wish that animal conservation could be the basis of the discussion, it is the behavior of the human beings involved and the very nature of the activity that are under scrutiny. This is the negative power of the word trophy. It has driven people to oppose a significant conservation mechanism.

Since the term “trophy hunting” is so universally misunderstood and disliked by the general public, Mahoney suggests hunters simply stop using it.

Lost to the public’s understanding is the idea that classic trophy hunters pursue only mature animals that have already contributed to the genetic pool of the species, animals that are of an age where death is a pressing reality and likelihood, and animals that because of their physical size and attributes will uniquely attract international hunters and thus provide badly needed income to support local human communities and wider conservation campaigns. Rather, the broad public impression of the trophy hunter is of a wealthy, white male who seeks thrills and self-aggrandizement through the wilful killing of magnificent animals and who cares nothing for wild animals, except that they exist for him to shoot. From this perspective, any benefit to conservation or humanity that may derive from trophy hunting is accidental and not an acceptable reason or rationale.

But the situation is complicated. Meat hunting, for example, is widely supported. Thus a motivational line is drawn between the word meat and the word trophy, even though the vast bulk of all meat from all hunted animals is utilized, including that from most animals harvested by so-called trophy hunters. Frustrating, isn’t it? From this vantage point we begin to see the convoluted world of words in which hunting is now immersed, and we can forecast how difficult it will be to disentangle it. It is now undeniable that communications on hunting will enter a maze of misinterpretation, confusion, and sometimes deliberate distortion that can squander much of our time, money and talent if we are not cautious in how we approach it. Many great intentions have been lost in swamps of exactly this kind. That’s why the hunting community now, more than ever, needs to choose its words carefully.

We desperately need to communicate hunting’s importance. Eliminate trophy hunting from areas such as parts of Africa, and wildlife will suffer and suffer greatly, especially the big, dangerous, and destructive species, the very ones that often plague local communities but that are the darlings of the western conservation conscience. Funny, isn’t it, that people in high-rise condominiums in Brussels or New York want lions and elephants everywhere in Africa but cannot stand so much as a mosquito, cockroach, or mouse in their own domiciles! It is marvelous what wealth and distance can afford. But people who live with wildlife will not accept human fatalities and crop destruction. In the absence of incentives, such as income from guiding hunters and the wild meat provided to them as a result, local people will kill the wildlife around them using whatever means they can.

Regardless of these facts, trophy hunting is unpalatable to a broad section of the modern public in much of Europe and North America. That is the reality we face and must address. In this context, the word modern is also relevant and problematic. Many hunters seem to think the world is the same one we grew up in or believe it can somehow be transformed back to that time, a time when our classic arguments favouring trophy hunting would be an easy sell to the public. Thus we promote the word “trophy” and believe that more statistics and better information will be our silver bullet. Once we present the public with our evidence, we assume people will see the light of day and accept trophy hunting as a reputable undertaking of benefit to both wildlife and people. Unfortunately, that assumption is not necessarily correct.

First, the world really has changed, and second, for as long as we have been conducting public attitude surveys in the North America—forty years or so—a significant majority of the public has perceived trophy hunting as unacceptable. Thus, presenting our arguments on trophy hunting’s benefits to conservation has obviously had little impact for a long time, probably because the public reaction is more against trophy hunting than for wildlife. So why do we think more of the same will work now? This longstanding opposition to trophy hunting also directly challenges the beliefs of those who see Facebook or other modern electronic communication vehicles as the fundamental cause of the public’s reaction to this activity. Even before Facebook inventor Mark Zuckerberg was born, the American public was decidedly against trophy hunting.

Is it possible hunters were part of the problem? Could it be that our messaging, our photos, our magazines, our conventions, our websites, our advertisements, our terminology, our rhetoric, our modern heroes, have all been a significant part of the problem, major influences shaping the public aversion to trophy hunting? I am afraid that simply blaming the Internet will lead us down paths of false hope and useless effort. We can analyze the reasons to death, hold town hall meetings, focus groups, and phone surveys of public attitudes, but the angst over trophy hunting is now a virus in the public conscience, reproducing itself and presenting unlimited variants to us who wish to challenge it. Like a lot of problems in life, it would be nice if the public reaction to trophy hunting could be blamed on one single cause or instrument. Unfortunately, it cannot. The reasons are many and their collective influence is interwoven and complex.

So, is the word trophy now lethal to hunting? I suspect it is, and I believe we should deal with this reality. We should consider a guerrilla tactic for the language war we are engaged in. Let us leave the landscape of the big battle to those who oppose trophy hunting. Let us quietly retire the term trophy, burn the treasured icon they seek, and leave nothing for the marauders to take.

For many in the hunting community, surrendering the term will be difficult and a sign of capitulation. In reality, we give nothing over. We hunt for the reasons we do. No one can take this from us. What the public can take, however, is hunting itself. Let us not lead them there. I see no reason to sacrifice the cultural, economic, and conservation benefits of hunting for an adjective—for as powerful as the term trophy may be for some, it is just a word, isn’t it?

Indeed, while I think of it, why not drop all the hunting adjectives such as meat, trophy, and sport, and simply call it what it is: hunting.

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The Best Way to Book a Hunt

BookYourHunt.com lets you search for and compare prices on hunts all over the world.

When you book a flight, you probably use an online service such as Travelocity or Expedia to search for the best prices. You can find similar services for booking cruises and other types of vacations, but until now, no such thing has been available for the traveling hunter. While you can look up outfitters online, many of them don’t post specific prices, making it hard to comparison shop, or even know if a particular hunt is within your price range.

That has all changed with the launch of BookYourHunt.com, an online booking platform specifically for hunters. The site allows a hunter to seach by country or animal and compare trips and prices from outfitters around the world. You’ll know immediately what dates are available, how much the hunt will cost, and what is included. For example, a search of plains-game hunts for two hunters in Namibia between June and August of this year returned 37 results, from a $1,750 five-day oryx-only farm hunt to an eleven-day luxury package with multiple species for $16,443. You can ask questions, get more information about the outfitter, or book the hunt immediately. The offers come directly from the outfitter, so you pay no booking fees. BookYourHunt.com offers a “Best Price Guarantee” and will match a lower published rate for the hunt if you find one elsewhere.

How can you be sure you’re booking with a reputable outfitter? The owners of the site work only with outfitters who are members of their state’s or country’s professional hunting association, and they employ staff members who are extremely knowledgable about the hunting industry in an effort to work only with reputable, highly qualified outfitters. They also publish verified reviews of each hunt from hunters who have recently traveled to the destination.

Jim Shockey, who recently partnered with BookYourHunt.com, said, “I am very much a traditionalist when it comes to hunting, but I see BookYourHunt.com as the future of booking hunts and something that will benefit the hunting industry for years to come. BookYourHunt.com’s focus on transparency and ethical hunting are very much in line with my core beliefs, which cemented my decision to invest in the company.”

BookYourHunt.com now works with more than three hundred outfitters and has over a thousand hunts to choose from, and this new service is poised to be a game-changer for the hunting industry, allowing hunters from all walks of life to search for and book the hunts that are right for them. Check out the site: www.BookYourHunt.com.

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Great New Hunting Books

Five new hunting books that should be on your reading list.

In Craig Boddington’s new book, Deadly Encounters, the author flips the usual hunting narrative on its head by telling the stories of encounters with dangerous animals that don’t end well for the human. His stories of hunts and other outdoor adventures gone wrong involve lions, elephants, leopards, bears, and even bison. He discusses and dissects the incidents to examine what went wrong and how hunters and other outdoor enthusiasts can avoid becoming the hunted themselves.

The new book Africa’s Greatest Tuskers by Tony Sanchez-Arino lists every known elephant ever taken with at least one tusk of 130 pounds or more and tells the stories of who hunted these elephants, who owns the tusks, or how they were found. Three years of meticulous research went into the unearthing of these stories. The book includes dozens of elephants not listed in the record books, together with a treasure trove of photos of enormous elephants and huge tusks that have been lost or forgotten in the mists of time.

Great news for hunters who love the high country–sheep-hunting historian Robert M. Anderson has just published another magnificent mountain hunting book: Wind, Dust, and Snow II. If you are familiar with his North American sheep-hunting books, Great Rams I, II, and III, and his first book about Asian hunts, Wind, Dust, and Snow, you’ll know the kinds of fascinating stories and eye-popping photos you can expect to find in this tour de force of Asian hunting.

Safari Press recently reprinted two of the great elephant-hunting classics of the post-World War II era. These extraordinary books, Kambaku by Harry Manners and Bell of Africa by W.D.M. Bell, are autobiographical tales by two of the most adventurous hunters who ever walked the trails of the Dark Continent.

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